And they apply to signals in more than one dimension, like an image, which you can think of as a signal that varies in two-dimensional space. They also apply to signals that vary in space rather than time, like elevation along a hiking trail. I will focus on sound signals, but the same methods apply to electronic signals, mechanical vibration, and signals in many other domains. This book is about signal processing, which includes processes for synthesizing, transforming, and analyzing signals. Microphones and speakers are called transducers because they transduce, or convert, signals from one form to another. A speaker is a device that takes an electrical signal and produces sound. A sound signal represents variations in air pressure over time.Ī microphone is a device that measures these variations and generates an electrical signal that represents sound. ![]() That definition is pretty abstract, so let’s start with a concrete example: sound. ![]() A signal represents a quantity that varies in time.
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